Friday, May 1, 2009

MANUEL E. ARQUILLA


Manuel E. Arguilla

Manuel E. Arguilla was born on June 17, 1911 in Nagrebcan, Bauang, La Union to parents Crisanto Arguilla, a farmer, and Margarita Estabillo, a potter.Their mediocre living was not a hindrance for Manuel to attain his dreams especially in literature.

He finished his elementary school in his hometown and his high school in San Fernando where he became the editor-in-chief of his school's newsletter, the La Union Tab. He was also an athlete where he became champion in swimming events he joined.He entered the University of the Philippines where he joined the UP Writers Club and later became the president and the editor of the UP Literary Apprentce. He finished Education in 1933. He married Lydia Villanueva, a fellow artist and writer and lived in Ermita, Manila.Upon graduation, he practive his profession in University of Manila. He later joined the Bureau of Public welfare where he was the editor of Welfare Advocate, the bureau's publication.As a writer, his famous works were compiled in a book entitled How my Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife (And Other Stories) published by Philippine Book Guild in 1940. These stories were written when he was 22-29 years old. This collection of stories won first prize in short story category during the first Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940.

When the Japanese invaded the country in 1941, Arguilla join the freedom forces of the country and led a division of the Marking's Guerillas. He was captured by the Japanese in 1944 and was imprisoned in Fort Santiago together with his family. His family was later freed but Manuel was sentenced to death. He was executed on October 1944 at age of 33.

Manuel Arguilla, an Ilocano pride. His shown love to the country as a teacher, a writer, and a freedom fighter was a virtue of patriot who offered his talents and life for the country.

http://ilocanopride.blogspot.com/2008/02/manuel-e.html
http://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Arguilla

LUALHATI BAUTISTA

LUALHATI BAUTISTA

Si Lualhati Torres Bautista ay isa sa pinakabantog na babaeng nobelista sa kasaysayan ng kontemporaryong panitikan ng Pilipinas. Kabilang sa mga nobela niya ang Dekada '70, Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa?, at Gapô.

Mga gawain

Bilang karagdagan sa pagiging isang nobelista, si Lualhati Bautista ay isa ring manunulat ng mga maiikling kuwento, at maging sa larangan ng pelikula at telebisyon. Ang pinakaunang akdang-pampelikulang isinulat niya ay ang Sakada (mga magsasaka ng tubo), isang kuwentong naisatitik ni Bautista noong 1972 na naglantad ng katayuan at pamumuhay ng mga mahihirap ng Pilipino. Nakatanggap ng pagkilala at parangal na Gantimpalang Don Carlos Palanca para sa Panitikan ng Pilipinas, maging mula sa Surian ng Wikang Pambansa noong 1987. Ilan sa mga ginantimpalaang sulating-pampelikula niya ang Bulaklak sa City Jail (1984), Kung Mahawi Man ang Ulap (1984), Sex Object (1985). Para sa pagsusulat para sa pelikula, nakatanggap siya ng pagkilala mula sa Metro Manila Film Festival (best story-best screenplay), Film Academy Awards (best story-best screenplay), Star Awards (finalist para sa best screenplay), FAMAS (finalist para sa best screenplay), at mga gantimapalang URIAN. Dalawa sa kaniyang mga maiikling kuwento ay nagwagi rin mga gantimpalang Carlos Palanca para sa Panitikan: ang Tatlong Kuwento ng Buhay ni Juan Candelabra, unang gantimpala, 1982, at Buwan, Buwan, Hulugan mo Ako ng Sundang, pangatlong gantimpala, 1983. Sumulat rin si Bautista ng mga dramang pang-telebisyon: ang Daga sa Timba ng Tubig (1975) at Isang Kabanata sa Libro ng Buhay ni Leilani Cruzaldo (1987). Nanalo ang huling akda ng pinakamagaling na kuwentong pandrama para sa telebisyon mula sa Catholic Mass Media Awards.

Pinarangalan si Bautista ng Ateneo Library of Women’s Writings (Aklatan ng mga Sulatin ng mga Kababaihan ng Ateneo) noong Marso 10, 2004 habang idinaraos ang ika-8 Taunang Panayam sa Panitikang Isinulat ng mga Kababaihan sa Katutubong Wika.

Pagsasalinwika

Ang mga sipi mula sa mga nobela ni Lualhati Bautista ay napabilang sa antolohiyang Tulikärpänen, isang aklat ng mga maiikling kuwento na isinulat ng mga kababaihang Pilipino na inilimbag sa Finland ng The Finnish-Philippine Society (Ang Samahang Pinlandes-Pilipino, o FPS), isang hindi-pampahalaang organisasyon na itinatag noong 1988. Pinatnugutan at isinalin ni Riitta Vartti, at iba pa, ang Tulikärpänen. Sa Firefly: Writings by Various Authors (Alitaptap: Mga Sulatin ng Iba't Ibang May-akda), ang bersiyong Ingles ng kalipunang Pinlandes, ang sipi mula sa nobelang Pilipinong Gapô (daglat ng Olongapo) ay pinamagatang The Night in Olongapo (Ang Gabi sa Olongapo) samantalang ang sipi mula sa Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa? ay pinamagatan namang Children's Party (Handaang Pambata).

Ang buong salinwika ng mga pinakamahahalagang akda ni Bautista ay maaaring makabuwag sa hadlang sa palimbagang pansandaigdigan, bagaman may mga nagsasabi na ang dahilan kung bakit walang nasasagawang pagsasalinwika ay ang paggamit ni Bautista ng payak ngunit makabuluhang wika para maisalarawan ang ang mga masasalimuot na katayuang panlipunan at pangkaluluwa sa Pilipinas, isang katangian palagiang ipinagsasawalang-bahala ng mga samahang pampanitikan.

Mga akda

Mga nobela

* Gapô (o Gapô: At Isang Puting Pilipino, sa Mundo ng mga Amerikanong Kulay Brown) (1980)
* Dekada '70: Ang Orihinal at Kumpletong Edisyon (1983)
* Bata, Bata...Pa'no Ka Ginawa? (1984)
* Desisyon
* Ang Kabilang Panig ng Bakod
* Hugot sa Sinapupunan
* Ang Paghuhukom
* Desaparesidos

Kalipunan ng mga maiikling katha

* Buwan, Buwan, Hulugan Mo Ako ng Sundang: Dalawang Dekada ng Maiikling Kuwento

Mga sulating pampelikula

* Bata, Bata...Pa'no Ka Ginawa?: The Screenplay (1998)
* Bulaklak sa City Jail

Mga talasanggunian

  1. Lualhati Bautista, Ateneo Library of Women's Writings, kinuha noong: Mayo 27, 2007
  2. 2.0 2.1 Firefly: Writings by Various Authors (Salinwika ng mga katha ni Lualhati Bautista sa wikang Pinlandes at Ingles), pinatnugutan at isinalinwika ni Riitta Vartti, at iba pa, Our Own Voice (Ang sarili nating tinig) Hunyo 2001 (OOV Bookshelf 2001), kinuha noong: Mayo 27, 2007
  3. Bata, Bata Pa'no Ka Ginawa? (Lea's Story/Kuwento ni Lea): Pahina ng Pamagat mula sa Geocities.com, kinuha noong: Mayo 27, 2007
  4. Buod ng Bata, Bata Pa'no Ka Ginawa? (Lea's Story/Kuwento ni Lea), buod ng bawat kabanata, nasa wikang Ingles, mula sa Geocities.com, kinuha noong: Mayo 27, 2007
  5. "Dekada ’70: A Book Review" (Dekada '70: Isang Pagsusuri ng Aklat), The EDSA Revolution Website, ThinkQuest.org, kinuha noong: Mayo 27, 2007

http://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lualhati_Bautista


English: http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Lualhati_Bautista

NESTOR VICENTE MADALI (NVM GONZALES)





Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzales

September 8, 1915- November 28, 1999
National Artist for Literature
Adviser, U.P. Creative Writing Center

Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzales' life as well as his works were often filled with images of the Filipino countryside, which he wrote most memorably of even during his years of exile in the United States. He was born in Romblon, Romblon and grew up in the lush countryside of Wasig, Mindoro --- places that have made an obvious mark on his work as he wrote about its scenery, poverty and dreams.

At a very early age, NVM decided that he what he wanted to be was a writer. Having withdrawn his pursuit of a degree from the National University, he was to later become one of only two people to teach at the University of the Philippines without a college degree. He was also a recipient of many awards and international grants. During his long stay in the United States in the 1960's, he became visiting professor at the University of California in Santa Barbara, the California State University in Hayward, and at UCLA. Upon his return to teach at the UP in 1990, UP had already bestowed upon him an honorary doctorate and an International-Writer-in-Residence status. In 1997, he was honored with the National Artist for Literature.

Among other awards, NVM also recieved the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Award for Literature, the Philippine Republic Merit Award for Literature in English, the Republic Cultural Heritage Award, the Jose Rizal Pro Patria Award, and the City of Manila Medal of Honor.

A much-loved teacher, a distinguished fictionist, and author of 11 books including Bread of Salt and The Bamboo Dancers, NVM undoubtedly left a formidable legacy as one of the most influential voices of Philippine literature.

http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=N._V._M._Gonzalez
http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=N.V.M._Gonzalez
http://likhaan_online.tripod.com/08242001archivesite/issue5.html
http://www.nvmgonzalez.org/
http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca/org-awards/literature/nvm_gonzales.php
http://www.geocities.com/phil_awards/nvmawards_profile.html
http://nationalartists.panitikan.com.ph/nvmgonzalez.htm





LIWAYWAY A. ARCEO

LIWAYWAY A. ARCEO
Her Life and Her Works


Filipino writers paid tribute to multi-awarded Tagalog fictionist, journalist, radio scriptwriter and editor Liwayway A. Arceo in a necrological service held last Dec. 6, 7:30p.m. at the Loyola Memorial Chapel in Guadalupe, Makati City.

Arceo, 75, passed away last Friday, Dec. 3, after a brief confinement due to an illness at the Medical Center Manila. She is survived by her four children - Florante, Celia, Ibarra, and Jayrizal. Her husband, poet Manuel Principe Bautista, died in 1996.

Arceo's most recent award was given this year by the National Centennial Commission on Women Sector for her prioneering and exemplary contributions in the field of literature. Other major awards include the Gawad CCP for Literature given by the Cultutal Center of the Philippines in 1993, the Doctorate on Humane Letters, honoris causa, conferred by the University of the Philippines in 1991, the Catholic Publishers in 1990, the Catholic Author Award by the Asian Catholic Publishers in 1990, and the Gawad Balagtas Life Achievement Award for Fiction, by the Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa Pilipinas in 1998.

Arceo is the author of highly praised novels such as Canal de la Reina and Titser and collections of short stories such as Ina, Maybahay, Anak at iba pa, Mga Maria, Mga Eva and Ang Mag-anak na Cruz.

ANG AWTOR

Si LIWAYWAY A. ARCEO ( mangangatha, nobelista, mananaysay, tagasalin – wika, editor ), ayon sa isang kritikong gumawa ng isang pag-aaral noong 1979 sa kanyang mga katha ng dekada 40, ay feminista na bago pa “nauso” ang katagang iyon.

Sa mga aklat ni LAA na nasa ika-3 limbag na, namumukod ang sosyo-ekonomikong nobela, ang “Canal de la Reina” (1995) na isinalin sa Japanese (1990) Tokyo. Samantala, patuloy na muli’t muling inilalathala ang kanyang premyadong maikling katha, ang klasiko nang “Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa” (1943), na itinuturing na panulukang-bato ng makabagong maikling kuwentong Tagalog.

Ang 1991 ang Taong Ginto ni Liwayway A. Arceo sa Panitikang Tagalog: 50 taon na siyang manunulat na propesyonal. Makabuluhang banggitin na sa ikatlong katha niyang nalathala, ang Tigang na Lupa, nagsimula ang kanyang maningning na karera sa Panulatan, ang kilalanin iyon na Pangalawang Pinakamahusay na maikling katha ng 1943, ng si Arceo ay tin-edyer pa lamang. Itinuturing ng mga kritiko ang Uhaw bilang panulukang-bato ng makabagong maikling kathang Tagalog, at isinalin sa Inggles at Niponggo at nalathala sa New York City, U.S.A. at Tokyo, Japan. Nakilala rin ang kanyang Banyaga ( Unang Gantimpalang Palanca, 1962 ), na isinalin sa Inggles, Ruso at Bulgaro. Tulad sa Uhaw at sa kanyang malatalambuhay na akdang Alaala, ang Banyaga ay kabilang sa maraming antolohiya at kasama sa Canon ng Panitikang Pilipino.

Kabilang sa mga Gawad na ipinagkaloob kay Arceo kay Arceo ang Catholic Mass Media Awards, Best Radio Drama 1982 ( Francisco, ang Huling Kristiyano); Gawad ng Pagkilala bilang manunulat na feminista mula sa Kapisanan ng mga Propesor sa Pilipino ( Kappil, 1987 ); Catholic Mass Media Award, Best Book in Pilipino 1987 ( Francisco ng Assisi ); unang Life Achievement Award sa Katha, mula sa Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa Pilipinas ( Umpil, 1988 ), kayat panghabambuhay na miyembro ng Unyon; Catholic Mass Media Award 1990 mula sa Asian Catholic Publisher, Inc.

http://likhaan_online.tripod.com/08242001archivesite/news5-4.html

LIWAYWAY A. ARCEO

LIWAYWAY A. ARCEO


Si Liwayway A. Arceo ay pangunahing mangangathang Tagalog at Filipino na nakasulat ng 90 nobela, 2 libong mahigit na kuwento, 1 libong mahigit na sanaysay, 36 tomo ng iskrip sa radyo, 7 aklat ng salin, 3 iskrip sa telebisyon, at di-mabilang na kuntil-butil na lathalain sa halos lahat ng pangunahing publikasyong Tagalog o Filipino. Binago ni Arceo ang topograpiya ng panitikang Tagalog, at ng ngayon ay tinatawag na panitikang popular, sa paglalathala ng mga akdang nagtatampok ng halagahan [values], lunggati [vision], at kaisipang Filipino. Ginamit din niyang lunsaran ang pamilya bilang talinghaga ng Filipinas; at sa pamamagitan ng masinop ng paggamit ng wika ay itinaas sa karapat-dapat na pedestal ang mga kathang Tagalog, sa kabila ng pamamayani ng Ingles bilang opisyal na wika ng edukasyon at gobyerno.
Mga pangunahing aklat

Kabilang sa mga pangunahing aklat ni Arceo ang sumusunod:

* Maling Pook, Maling Panahon. . .Dito, Ngayon (1998);
* Mga Bathalang Putik (1998)
* Titser (1995)
* Canal de la Reina (1985)
* Ina, Maybahay, Anak at iba pa (1998)
* Mga Kuwento ng Pag-ibig (1997)
* Mga Maria, Mga Eva (1995)
* Ang Mag-anak na Cruz (1990)
* Mga Piling Katha ni Liwayway A. Arceo (1992)
* Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa at Iba pang Katha (1968).

Sumulat din ng biyograpikong nobela si Arceo at kabilang dito ang Ako. . . Si Clara (1990) na hinggil sa buhay ni Santa Clara ng Assissi; Claret, ang Misyonero (1988) na hinggil sa pundador ng Misyong Claretian; at Francisco ng Assissi na hinggil sa buhay ng pundador ng ordeng Fransiskano.
Mga tuluyang nobela

Ilan sa tuluyang nobelang nalathala ni Arceo sa magasing Liwayway at sinubaybayan ng libo-libong mambabasa ang sumusunod: Tulad sa Bituin (1956); Topo-topo (1956–1957); Sa Abo ng Lumipas (1957); Hanggahan ng Pangarap (1957); Kung Sakali man at Salát (1958); Sa Habang Panahon (1957–1958); Huwad na Dambana (1957–1958); Mga Doktor sa Bukid (1959); Ikaw ay Akin (1962); Kung Saan Ka man Naroroon (1964); Lydia Ansaldo, M.D. (1964); Dalawang Kalbaryo (1964); Tatak ng Pagkakasala (1965); Kulay Rosas ang Pag-ibig (1964–965); Iba-ibang Kulay ng Pag-ibig (1966); Liza (1966); Isa ang Susuko (1966); Ang Panigbugho (1966); Hiram na Laya (1965–1966); Ipakipaglaban Mo Ako (1966–1967); Daigdig na Kristal (1967); Ginto sa Dulo ng Bahaghari (1967–1968); Minsan Lamang ang Gabi (1968); Ikaw ang Ilaw Ko (1968); Bahaghari sa Lupa (1969); Nagbabagang Paraiso (1969–1970); Sa Pinto ng Impiyerno (1970); Bawal na Paraiso (1971); Hanggang sa Kabila ng Langit (1972); Piitang Ginto (1972); Dalawang Daigdig (1973–1974); Saan man at Kailan man (1973); at Krus ang Aking Budhi (1976-1977).

Ang kakatwa ay malimit mapagkamalang pag-aari ni Arceo ang magasing Liwayway dahil ang pangalan niya ay “Liwayway” din. Bukod pa rito, naging mataas na pamantayan si Arceo bilang manunulat at editor ng nasabing magasin, na nakatulong nang malaki upang lumaki ang sirkulasyon nito at umabot sa halos kalahating milyong sipi kada linggo.

Ang iba pang tuluyang nobela na hindi binanggit dito ay nasa aklatan ngayon ng Unibersidad ng Pilipinas at Ateneo de Manila University. Inihabilin ni Arceo ang karamihan sa kaniyang antigong papeles, aklat, at memorabilya doon sa aklatan ng UP noong 28 Agosto 1993 at sa Ateneo Library of Women's Writing (ALIWW) noong 28 Nobyembre 1994. Ang iba pa niyang natitirang aklat at memorabilya ay nasa dating tahanan niya sa Project 6, Lungsod Quezon, at nakahanda para sa Liwayway A. Arceo Foundation na itinatag ng kaniyang anak na abogadong si Florante.
Mga nobeleta

Sumulat din ng maiikling nobela si Arceo at ilan dito ang kumita nang malaki, gaya ng Hanggang sa Kabila ng Langit (1991); Paano Kita Iiwan (1993); Ang Sabi ni Vic (1993); Si Dina, Si Rosauro, Si Demetria (1993); Laro ng Tadhana (1993); Buhayin Mo Po ang Anak Ko (1993); Isang Ina. . . Isang Anak (1993); Kahit Ikaw ang Huling Lalaki (1993); Gabing Payapa, Gabing Tahimik (1993); Huwad na Paraiso (1993).

Ang paglaganap ng nobeletang Filipino ang nagpagiba sa dati noong moog ng komiks. Itinaas ng gaya ng mga akda ni Arceo ang kalidad ng mga kuwento at nobelang pangkomiks, at hinatak ang mambabasa na magtuon sa bagong libangan: libro.
Dulang panradyo at pantelebisyon

Si Arceo ang kauna-unahang manunulat na Filipino na sumulat ng soap opera sa radyo. Ang kaniyang dulang Ilaw ng Tahanan na isinahimpapawid ng DZRH, DZMB, at DZPI ay nagsimula noong Marso 1949 at nagwakas lamang noong Hulyo 1958. Tinipon ni Arceo ang lahat ng kaniyang orihinal na iskrip, kasama ang mga notasyon, at nakabuo ng 36 tomo na halos sumalamin sa isang mahabang panahon ng pamilya at lipunang Filipino. Nagkaroon din ng adaptasyon ang nasabing dula, at ito ay isinalin sa iskrip na pantelebisyon. Ipinalabas ang Ilaw ng Tahanan sa telebisyon noong 1978.

Lingid sa kaalaman ng nakararami, si Arceo ang manunulat sa likod ni Tiya Dely Magpayo. Ang mga iskrip na binabasa ni Tiya Dely sa kaniyang programang Ang Tangi Kong Pag-ibig na isinahimpapahid sa DZRH noong 1965–1972 at 1990–1999, at sa programang Kasaysayan ng mga Liham ni Tiya Dely (1965–1972; 1998–1999) ay masinop na sinusulat ni Arceo araw-araw. Ngunit nang yumao na Arceo, napabalitang bumaba ang kalidad ng iskrip ni Tiya Dely dahil na rin marahil sa pagbabago ng manunulat ng iskrip.

Ang mga iskrip ng Lovingly yours, Helen (1978) ni Helen Vela sa radyo ay si Arceo ang utak. Isinalin sa telebisyon ang nasabing programa dahil sa pambihirang halina nito sa madla. Ang iba pang iskrip na sinulat ni Arceo sa telebisyon ay ang Sangandaan (1975) at Damdamin (1978–1979) na pawang sinubaybayan din ng mga manonood noon.
Mga salin

Pumalaot sa pagsasalin ng mga akdang Ingles si Arceo at kabilang dito ang Mahal ka ni Jesus (1988) at Si Jesus, ang Aking Ilaw na pawang koleksiyon ng mga sanaysay ni dating Monsigñor at ngayon ay Obispo Socrates B. Villegas; Birhen ng Guadalupe(1997); Pagbubukas-loob sa Diyos (1994), na salin ng Opening to God ni P. Thomas H. Greene, S.J.; Pagsasanay na Espiritwal ni San Ignacio (1992) na salin ng Spiritual Exercises ni P. Louis Publ, S.J.; Ang Nasusulat na Payo at Pangaral ni Santa Clara (1990) na salin ng lahat ng akda ni Santa Clara. Pinakamabigat na ginawa ni Arceo ang pagsasalin ng Bibliya. Nakasama siya at ang kaniyang asawang si Manuel Principe Bautista sa lupong nagsalin ng bibliyang pinamagatang Bibliya ng Sambayanang Pilipino (1990), na itinuturing ng ilang tagasubaybay na pinakamatinong salin kompara sa ibang edisyon.

Ilan sa mga akda ni Arceo ay isinalin din sa ibang wika. Maihahalimbawa rito ang Canal de la Reina na isinalin sa Nihonggo ni Motoe Terami Wada at nalathala noong 1990; ang “Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa” na isinalin ni Michiko Yamasita sa Nihonggo noong 1979; at “Banyaga” na isinalin ni Cbetocjiaab Kojieb sa Bulgarian noong 1981 at sa Ruso noong 1967 at ni Mabini Rey Centeno sa Ingles noong 1962 at nalathala sa Philippines Free Press.
Gabay

Naging gabay din si Arceo sa mga kabataang manunulat ng Liwayway noon, at nagtatag ng Bagong Dugo upang pasiglahin ang pagsusulat ng mga bagito sa pagsusulat. Marami sa kaniyang tinuruan ang mga bantayog sa ngayon, at bago mamatay ay nakaharap at gumabay din sa mga kasapi ng Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika, at Anyo (LIRA), na pangunahing samahan ngayon ng mga manunulat sa bansa. Karaniwang itinuturo ni Aling Lily, ani Roberto T. Añonuevo, ang pagiging masinop at mahigpit sa pagsusulat; ang paglinang sa mga tauhan; ang halaga ng pagbalangkas ng mga pangyayari; ang pagsasaharaya ng lunan; ang pagbusisi sa saloobin at pananaw ng katha; ang paggamit ng malikhaing saliksik; at ang pagkasangkapan sa guniguni upang maiangat ang realidad sa higit na mataas na antas.
Pelikula

Si Arceo ang itinuturing na pinakamagandang manunulat sa kaniyang panahon, at walang katapat sa mga Ingleserong manunulat. Napiling gumanap na pangunahing artista si Arceo, kasama sina Carmen Rosales at Norma Blancaflor, sa pelikulang Tatlong Maria na ipinalabas noong 1943 at idinirek ni Gerardo de Leon. Sampaguita Pictures ang nagprodyus ng pelikula. Muling inalok si Arceo na gumawa ng iba pang pelikula, ngunit tinanggihan niya iyon dahil aniya'y ang itinitibok ng puso niya ay sa pagsusulat.
Kritika at papuri

Pinaratangan ng mga akademiko si Arceo na mangangathang nalubog sa komersiyalismo. Gayunman ay hindi sinuri nang malalim ang kaniyang mga akda. Si Arceo, sa pananaw ni Añonuevo, ang nagtakda ng bagong pamantayan at bagong kumbensiyon sa kathang Tagalog at panitikang popular na nag-iwan ng malaking impluwensiya sa mga sumunod na henerasyon ng mga manunulat.

Sinuri naman sa feministang pananaw ni Teresita V. Guillen ang nobelang Mga Maria, Mga Eva ni Arceo, at ito ang patunay na hindi sumusunod lamang ang awtor sa sinasabi ng mga maka-lalaking kritiko. Ilan pang nag-aral sa mga akda ni Arceo ay si Lolita Rodriguez Lacuesta na sumuri sa mga tema at teknika ni Arceo sa pagbuo ng maiikling kuwento; si Mahal Nabor Dureza, na sinuri ang saloobin ng mga tauhan sa maiikling kuwento ni Arceo; si Carol de la Paz-Zialcita, bumusisi sa halagahang Filipinong taglay ng Ilaw ng Tahanan; at sina Anacleta Concepcion, Bienvenido Lumbera, Soledad S. Reyes, Teresita Capili-Sayo, Ofelia Silapan, Paz Belvez, at iba na tumingin sa iba't ibang anggulo ng pagkamanunulat ni Arceo.

Nilagom ni Efren R. Abueg, na kilalang mangangatha sa Filipino at kabilang sa grupong Agos sa Disyerto, ang katangian ni Arceo bilang manunulat: “Kung pag-uusapan ang panahong sinaklaw ng pagsusulat, korpus ng mga nasulat, gantimpala at karangalang natamo, natanggap na mga pagkilala sa kaniya at sa kaniyang mga akda, pokus ng kaniyang mga paksa at impluwensiya sa mga kabataan, walang babaing manunulat sa kasalukuyan, sa anumang wikang ginagamit sa Panitikan sa Pilipinas, ang makahihigit pa sa kaniya. . . .”
Sanggunian

  1. Añonuevo, Roberto T., “Magkabiyak na Panulat” sa 2: Tula ni Manuel Principe Bautista at Sanaysay ni Liwayway A. Arceo. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 1988, mp. xi-xxiii.
  2. Añonuevo, Roberto T. "Ang Pormula ng Kuwentong Popular: Isang Pagbasa sa mga Akda ni Placido Parcero Jr." sa Alyas Juan dela Cruz at iba pang Kuwento ni Placido Parcero Jr. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2007.
  3. Belvez, Paz M. Isang Pag-aaral ng mga Maikling Katha ni Liwayway A. Arceo. National Teachers' College, Maynila, 1964.
  4. Encarnacion, Anacleta M. “Walang Lubay ang Pag-inog ng Malikhaing Daigdig ni Liwayway A. Arceo,” Unang Gantimpala. Pasig City: Surian ng Wikang Pambansa, 1982.
  5. Capili-Sayo, Teresita. Ang Pilipino at ang Kanyang Kultura't Lipunan sa mga Maikling Kuwento ni Liwayway A. Arceo. Manila: Polytechnic University of the Philippines, 1982.
  6. Dureza, Mahal Nabor. Isang Pag-aaral sa mga Saloobin ng mga Pangunahing Tauhan ng Ilang Maikling Kuwento ni Liwayway A. Arceo at ang mga Implikasyong Moral nito. Bacolod City: University of Negros Occidental Recoletos, 1984.
  7. Guillen, Teresita V. “Isang Feministang Pagsusuri sa Mga Maria, Mga Eva ni Liwayway A. Arceo,” lekturang pampropesor. Binasa sa UP Mindanao, Davao City, Pebrero 1988.
  8. Guillen, Teresita V. “Ina, Maybahay, Anak, at Iba Pa,” sa Diliman Review, tomo 44, bilang 2, 1997.
  9. Kintanar, Thelma, ed. Emergent Voices: Southeast Asian Women Novelists.
  10. Lacuesta, Lolita Rodriguez. Theme and Techniques in the Short Stories of Liwayway A. Arceo. Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, 1979.
  11. Lumbera, Bienvenido. “Essays on Philippine Cultural Tradition and Literature,” sa Brown Heritage, 1967.
  12. Reyes, Soledad S. Nobelang Tagalog (1905–1975). Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1982.
  13. Silapan, Ofelia. Isinilang na Manunulat–Liwayway A. Arceo. Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Lungsod Quezon, 1979.
  14. Zialcita, Carol de la Paz. Ilaw ng Tahanan—A Reflection of Filipino Values in the 50's. UP Diliman, Quezon City, 1979.
  15. http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Liwayway_A._Arceo

NICK JOAQUIN

NICK JOAQUIN


Nick Joaquin's pic Poet, fictionist, essayist, biographer, playwright, and National Artist, decided to quit after three years of secondary education at the Mapa High School. Classroom work simply bored him. He thought his teachers didn't know enough. He discovered that he could learn more by reading books on his own, and his father's library had many of the books he cared to read. He read all the fiction he could lay his hands on, plus the lives of saints, medieval and ancient history, the poems of Walter de la Mare and Ruben Dario. He knew his Bible from Genesis to Revelations. Of him actress-professor Sarah K. Joaquin once wrote: "Nick is so modest, so humble, so unassuming . . .his chief fault is his rabid and insane love for books. He likes long walks and wornout shoes. Before Intramuros was burned down, he used to make the rounds of the churches when he did not have anything to do or any place to go. Except when his work interferes, he receives daily communion." He doesn't like fish, sports, and dressing up. He is a bookworm with a gift of total recall.

He was born "at about 6:00 a.m." in Paco, Manila, on 04 May 1917. The moment he emerged from his mother's womb, the baby Nicomedes--or Onching, to his kin--made a "big howling noise" to announce his arrival. That noise still characterizes his arrival at literary soirees. He started writing short stories, poems, and essays in 1934. Many of them were published in Manila magazines, and a few found their way into foreign journals. His essay La Naval de Manila (1943) won in a contest sponsored by the Dominicans whose university, the UST, awarded him an A.A. (Associate in Arts) certificate on the strength of his literary talents. The Dominicans also offered him a two-year scholarship to the Albert College in Hong Kong, and he accepted. Unable to follow the rigid rules imposed upon those studying for the priesthood, however, he left the seminary in 1950.

He is included in Heart of the Island (1947) and Philippine Poetry Annual: 1947 - 1949 (1950), both edited by Manuel A. Viray.

The following are Joaquin's published books:

Prose and Poems (1952)
The Woman Who Had Two Navels (1961)
Selected Stories (1962)
La Naval de Manila and Other Essays (1964)
The Portrait of the Artist as Filipino (1966)
Tropical Gothic (1972)
The Complete Poems and Plays of Jose Rizal (1976)
Reportage on Crime (1977)
Reportage on Lovers (1977)
Nora Aunor and Other Profiles (1977)
Ronnie Poe and Other Silhouettes (1977)
Amalia Fuentes and Other Etchings (1977)
Gloria Diaz and Other Delineations (1977)
Doveglion and Other Cameos (1977)
A Question of Heroes (1977)
Stories for Groovy Kids (1979)
Almanac for Manileños (1979)
Manila: Sin City and Other Chronicles (1980)
Language of the Street and Other Essays (1980)
Reportage on the Marcoses (1979, 1981)

The awards and prizes he has received include:

Republic Cultural Heritage Award (1961);
Stonehill Award for the Novel (1960);
first prize, Philippines Free Press Short Story Contest (1949);
first prize, Palance Memorial Award (1957-58);
Jose Garcia Villa's honor roll (1940);
and the National Artist Award (1976).

From the jacket of A Question of Heroes: "Along with the author's recent 'culture as History,' [this book is] a gentle polemical inquiry into thecharacter of the Filipinos' national culture, these essays constitute perhaps the most coherent picture of the revolutionary heritage most Filipinos claim for themselves today."

"Nick Joaquin is, in my opinion," wrote Jose Garcia Villa, "the only Filipino writer with a real imagination--that imagination of power and depth and great metaphysical seeing--and which knows how to express itself in great language, who writes poetry, and who reveals behind his writings a genuine first-rate mind."

"Joaquin has proven the truism," said Alejandro R. Roces, "that to understand the present, you have to first know the past. And by presenting the present as a continuation of the future, he has traced the roots of our rotting society to our moral confusion. He is doing for the Philippines what Faulkner has done for the [U.S.] South."

"Nick Joaquin," said Manuel A. Viray, "a gifted stylist, has used his sensitive style and his exciting evocations in portraying the peculiar evil, social and moral, we see around us and in proving that passion as well as reason can never be quenched."

After the death of his father, Joaquin went to live with his brother Enrique ("Ike"). With the encouragement of his sister-in-law, Sarah, he submitted a story to the Herald Mid-Week Magazine and it was published. He soon sent out more stories to other magazines. In 1949 "Guardia de Honor" was declared the best story of the year in the Philipines Free Press.

He was designated manager of his sister-in-law Sarah's dramatic organization after WWII. Later he joined the Philippines Free Press as proofreader and subsequently became a rewrite man. He wrote feature articles he bylined as "Quijano de Manila." They were a great hit. Soon they appeared regularly and Quijano de Manila became one of the most famous journalists in the country.

Because of labor problems in the Free Press, he left and edited Asia-Philippine Leader. He had been with the Free Press for 27 years (1950-77). Nicomedes "Onching" M. Joaquin, today just "Nick," who came into the world howling, lives quietly in San Juan del Monte writing, among others, kiddie books. And "he survives on sheer genius," remarks one admirer of his.

JOSE GARCIA VILLA

JOSE GARCIA VILLA


Jose Garcia Villa's pic Poet, critic, short story writer, and painter, Jose Garcia Villa was a consummate artist in poetry and in person as well. At parties given him by friends and admirers whenever he came home for a brief visit, things memorable usually happened. Take that scene many years ago at the home of the late Federico Mangahas, a close friend of Villa's. The poet, resplendent in his shiny attire, his belt an ordinary knotted cow's rope, stood at a corner talking with a young woman. Someone in the crowd remarked: "What's the idea wearing a belt like that?" No answer. Only the faint laughter of a woman was heard. Or was it a giggle perhaps? Then there was one evening, with few people around, when he sat down Buddha-like on a semi-marble bench under Dalupan Hall at UE waiting for somebody. That was the year he came home from America to receive a doctor's degree, honoris causa, from FEU. Somebody asked: "What are you doing?" He looked up slowly and answered bemused: "I am just catching up trying to be immoral." Sounded something like that. There was only murmuring among the crowd. They were not sure whether the man was joking or serious. They were awed to learn that he was the famed Jose Garcia Villa. What did the people remember? The Buddha-like posture? Or what he said?

That was Villa the artist. There's something about his person or what he does or says that makes people gravitate toward him. Stare at him or listen to him.

Villa is the undisputed Filipino supremo of the practitioners of the "artsakists." His followers have diminished in number but are still considerable.

Villa was born in Singalong, Manila, on 05 August 1908. His parents were Simeon Villa, personal physician of revolutionary general Emilio Aguinaldo, and Guia Garcia. He graduated from the UP High School in 1925 and enrolled in the pre-med course. He didn't enjoy working on cadavers and so he switched to pre-law, which he didn't like either. A short biography prepared by the Foreign Service Institute said Villa was first interested in painting but turned to writing after reading Sherwood Anderson's "Winesburg, Ohio."

Meanwhile, he devoted a good part of his time writing short stories and poems. Soon he started exerting his leadership among the UP writers.

His ideas on literature were provocative. He stirred strong feelings. He was thought too individualistic. He published his series of erotic poems, "Man Songs" in 1929. It was too bold for the staid UP administrators, who summarily suspended Villa from the university. He was even fined P70 for "obscenity" by the Manila Court of First Instance.

With the P1,000 he won as a prize from the Philippines Free Press for his "Mir-i-Nisa," adjudged the best short story that year (1929), he migrated to the United States. He enrolled at the University of New Mexico where he edited and published a mimeographed literary magazine he founded: Clay. Several young American writers who eventually became famous contributed. Villa wrote several short stories published in prestigious American magazines and anthologies.

Here is a partial list of his published books:

• Philippine Short Stories, best 25 stories of 1928 (1929)
• Footnote to Youth, short stories (1933)
• Many Voices, poems (1939)
• Poems (1941)
• Have Come Am Here, poems ((1941)
• Selected Poems and New (1942)
• A Doveglion Book of Philippine Poetry (1962)

Through the sponsorship of Conrad Aiken, noted American poet and critic, Villa was granted the Guggenheim Fellowship in creative writing. He was also awarded $1,000 for "outstanding work in American literature." He won first prize in poetry at the UP Golden Jubilee Literary Contests (1958) and was conferred the degree Doctor of Literature, honoris causa, by FEU (1959); the Pro Patria Award for literature (1961); Heritage Awards for literature, for poetry and short stories (1962); and National Artist Award for Literature (1973).

On 07 February 1997, Jose Garcia Villa died at a New York hospital, two days after he was found unconscious in his apartment. He was 88.

The Department of Foreign Affairs said Villa, popularly known as the "comma poet," died at 12:37 a.m. (New York time) of "cerebral stroke and multilobar pneumonia" at the St. Vincent Hospital in Greenwich.

He is survived by his two sons, Randy and Lance, and three grandchildren.

Interment was scheduled on Feb. 10 in New York, the DFA said. It added that Villa had expressed the wish to be buried wearing a barong. Though he lived in New York for 67 years, he remained happily a Filipino citizen.

Biographical Reference: Filipino Writers in English by Florentino B. Valeros and Estrellita V. Gruenberg, New Day Publishers, Quezon City, 1987.